Bases: sage.categories.category.Category
The category of finite Coxeter groups.
EXAMPLES:
sage: FiniteSemigroups()
Category of finite semigroups
sage: FiniteSemigroups().super_categories()
[Category of semigroups, Category of finite enumerated sets]
sage: G = FiniteCoxeterGroups().example()
sage: G.cayley_graph(side = "right").plot()
Here are some further examples:
sage: FiniteWeylGroups().example()
The symmetric group on {0, ..., 3}
sage: WeylGroup(["B", 3])
Weyl Group of type ['B', 3] (as a matrix group acting on the ambient space)
Those other examples will eventually be also in this category:
sage: SymmetricGroup(4)
Symmetric group of order 4! as a permutation group
sage: DihedralGroup(5)
Dihedral group of order 10 as a permutation group
Returns all the elements that cover self in Bruhat order.
EXAMPLES:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["A",4])
sage: w = W.from_reduced_word([3,2])
sage: print([v.reduced_word() for v in w.bruhat_upper_covers()])
[[4, 3, 2], [3, 4, 2], [2, 3, 2], [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]]
sage: W = WeylGroup(["B",6])
sage: w = W.from_reduced_word([1,2,1,4,5])
sage: C = w.bruhat_upper_covers()
sage: len(C)
9
sage: print([v.reduced_word() for v in C])
[[6, 4, 5, 1, 2, 1], [4, 5, 6, 1, 2, 1], [3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 1], [2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2],
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1], [4, 5, 4, 1, 2, 1], [4, 5, 3, 1, 2, 1], [4, 5, 2, 3, 1, 2],
[4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 1]]
sage: ww = W.from_reduced_word([5,6,5])
sage: CC = ww.bruhat_upper_covers()
sage: print([v.reduced_word() for v in CC])
[[6, 5, 6, 5], [4, 5, 6, 5], [5, 6, 4, 5], [5, 6, 5, 4], [5, 6, 5, 3], [5, 6, 5, 2],
[5, 6, 5, 1]]
Recursive algorithm: write for self. If
is a
non-descent of
, then the covers of
are exactly
.
Ambiguity resolution: the implementation of some_elements is preferable to that of FiniteGroups. The same holds for __iter__, although a breath first search would be more natural; at least this maintains backward compatibility after trac ticket #13589.
TESTS:
sage: W = FiniteCoxeterGroups().example(3)
sage: W.some_elements.__module__
'sage.categories.coxeter_groups'
sage: W.__iter__.__module__
'sage.categories.coxeter_groups'
sage: W.some_elements()
[(1,), (2,), (), (1, 2)]
sage: list(W)
[(), (1,), (1, 2), (1, 2, 1), (2,), (2, 1)]
Returns the Bruhat poset of self
EXAMPLES:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["A", 2])
sage: P = W.bruhat_poset()
sage: P
Finite poset containing 6 elements
sage: P.show()
Here are some typical operations on this poset:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["A", 3])
sage: P = W.bruhat_poset()
sage: u = W.from_reduced_word([3,1])
sage: v = W.from_reduced_word([3,2,1,2,3])
sage: P(u) <= P(v)
True
sage: len(P.interval(P(u), P(v)))
10
sage: P.is_join_semilattice()
False
By default, the elements of are aware that they belong
to
:
sage: P.an_element().parent()
Finite poset containing 24 elements
If instead one wants the elements to be plain elements of the Coxeter group, one can use the facade option:
sage: P = W.bruhat_poset(facade = True)
sage: P.an_element().parent()
Weyl Group of type ['A', 3] (as a matrix group acting on the ambient space)
TESTS:
sage: [len(WeylGroup(["A", n]).bruhat_poset().cover_relations()) for n in [1,2,3]]
[1, 8, 58]
Todo
INPUT:
Returns the longest element of self, or of the parabolic subgroup corresponding to the given index_set.
Should this method be called maximal_element? longest_element?
EXAMPLES:
sage: D10 = FiniteCoxeterGroups().example(10)
sage: D10.long_element()
(1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2)
sage: D10.long_element([1])
(1,)
sage: D10.long_element([2])
(2,)
sage: D10.long_element([])
()
sage: D7 = FiniteCoxeterGroups().example(7)
sage: D7.long_element()
(1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1)
Implements Sets.ParentMethods.some_elements() by
returning some typical element of .
EXAMPLES:
sage: W=WeylGroup(['A',3])
sage: W.some_elements()
[
[0 1 0 0] [1 0 0 0] [1 0 0 0] [1 0 0 0] [0 0 0 1]
[1 0 0 0] [0 0 1 0] [0 1 0 0] [0 1 0 0] [1 0 0 0]
[0 0 1 0] [0 1 0 0] [0 0 0 1] [0 0 1 0] [0 1 0 0]
[0 0 0 1], [0 0 0 1], [0 0 1 0], [0 0 0 1], [0 0 1 0]
]
sage: W.order()
24
Return the longest element of self.
This attribute is deprecated.
EXAMPLES:
sage: D8 = FiniteCoxeterGroups().example(8)
sage: D8.w0
(1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2)
sage: D3 = FiniteCoxeterGroups().example(3)
sage: D3.w0
(1, 2, 1)
INPUT:
Returns the left (resp. right) poset for weak order. In
this poset, is smaller than
if some reduced word
of
is a right (resp. left) factor of some reduced word
of
.
EXAMPLES:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["A", 2])
sage: P = W.weak_poset()
sage: P
Finite lattice containing 6 elements
sage: P.show()
This poset is in fact a lattice:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["B", 3])
sage: P = W.weak_poset(side = "left")
sage: P.is_lattice()
True
so this method has an alias weak_lattice():
sage: W.weak_lattice(side = "left") is W.weak_poset(side = "left")
True
As a bonus feature, one can create the left-right weak poset:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["A",2])
sage: P = W.weak_poset(side = "twosided")
sage: P.show()
sage: len(P.hasse_diagram().edges())
8
This is the transitive closure of the union of left and
right order. In this poset, is smaller than
if
some reduced word of
is a factor of some reduced word
of
. Note that this is not a lattice:
sage: P.is_lattice()
False
By default, the elements of are aware of that they
belong to
:
sage: P.an_element().parent()
Finite poset containing 6 elements
If instead one wants the elements to be plain elements of the Coxeter group, one can use the facade option:
sage: P = W.weak_poset(facade = True)
sage: P.an_element().parent()
Weyl Group of type ['A', 2] (as a matrix group acting on the ambient space)
TESTS:
sage: [len(WeylGroup(["A", n]).weak_poset(side = "right").cover_relations()) for n in [1,2,3]]
[1, 6, 36]
sage: [len(WeylGroup(["A", n]).weak_poset(side = "left" ).cover_relations()) for n in [1,2,3]]
[1, 6, 36]
Todo
INPUT:
Returns the left (resp. right) poset for weak order. In
this poset, is smaller than
if some reduced word
of
is a right (resp. left) factor of some reduced word
of
.
EXAMPLES:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["A", 2])
sage: P = W.weak_poset()
sage: P
Finite lattice containing 6 elements
sage: P.show()
This poset is in fact a lattice:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["B", 3])
sage: P = W.weak_poset(side = "left")
sage: P.is_lattice()
True
so this method has an alias weak_lattice():
sage: W.weak_lattice(side = "left") is W.weak_poset(side = "left")
True
As a bonus feature, one can create the left-right weak poset:
sage: W = WeylGroup(["A",2])
sage: P = W.weak_poset(side = "twosided")
sage: P.show()
sage: len(P.hasse_diagram().edges())
8
This is the transitive closure of the union of left and
right order. In this poset, is smaller than
if
some reduced word of
is a factor of some reduced word
of
. Note that this is not a lattice:
sage: P.is_lattice()
False
By default, the elements of are aware of that they
belong to
:
sage: P.an_element().parent()
Finite poset containing 6 elements
If instead one wants the elements to be plain elements of the Coxeter group, one can use the facade option:
sage: P = W.weak_poset(facade = True)
sage: P.an_element().parent()
Weyl Group of type ['A', 2] (as a matrix group acting on the ambient space)
TESTS:
sage: [len(WeylGroup(["A", n]).weak_poset(side = "right").cover_relations()) for n in [1,2,3]]
[1, 6, 36]
sage: [len(WeylGroup(["A", n]).weak_poset(side = "left" ).cover_relations()) for n in [1,2,3]]
[1, 6, 36]
Todo
EXAMPLES:
sage: FiniteCoxeterGroups().super_categories()
[Category of coxeter groups, Category of finite groups]